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Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-79: Particular requirements for high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This European Standard deals with the safety of high pressure cleaners without traction drive, intended for household and commercial indoor or outdoor use, having a rated pressure not less than 2,5 MPa and not exceeding 35 MPa. It also applies to steam cleaners and those parts of hot water high pressure cleaners incorporating a steam stage which have a capacity not exceeding 100 l, a rated pressure not exceeding 2,5 MPa and a product of capacity and rated pressure not exceeding 5 MPa·l. The following power systems of the drive for the high pressure pump are covered: – mains powered motors up to a rated voltage of 250 V for single-phase machines and 480 V for other machines, – battery powered motors, – internal combustion engines, – hydraulic or pneumatic motors. This part 2 applies in conjunction with EN 60335-1:2002 and its amendments, which is referred to in this text as “Part 1”. This part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses of Part 1 as indicated in the text. This standard does not apply to – high pressure water jet machines as covered by EN 1829-1; – steam cleaners intended for domestic use as covered by IEC 60335-2-54; – machines designed to be part of a production process; – machines designed for use in vehicles or on board of ships or aircraft; – machines designed for use in corrosive or explosive environments (dust, vapour or gas); – cleaners designed for medical application; – hand-held motor-operated electric tools as covered by IEC 60745 (series); – transportable motor-operated electric tools as covered by IEC 61029 (series); – machines for application of coating; NOTE Z101 EN 1953 gives requirements for atomising and spraying equipment for coating materials. EN 12621 gives requirements for machinery for the supply and circulation of coating and/or auxiliary materials under pressure. – agricultural sprayers; NOTE Z102 EN 907 gives requirements for sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors for agricultural and forestry purposes. – non-liquid, solid abrasive cleaners. NOTE Z103 Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries additional requirements on the safe use of the equipment covered may be specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-81: Particular requirements for foot warmers and heating mats

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with the safety of electric foot warmers and heating mats for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V. Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account persons (including children) whose • physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or • lack of experience and knowledge prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, and similar authorities. NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to – appliances specifically intended for use under medical supervision; – electric blankets and pads (IEC 60335-2-17); – electrically heated carpets; – electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals (IEC 60335-2-71). instruction; – children playing with the appliance.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-82: Particular requirements for amusement machines and personal service machines

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with the safety of electric commercial amusement machines and personal service machines, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for singlephase appliances and 480 V for other appliances. NOTE 101 Examples of appliances that are within the scope of this standard are – amusement machines: • billiard tables; • bowling machines; • dartboards; • driving simulators; • gaming machines; • kiddie rides; • laser shooting appliances; • pinball machines; • video games. – personal service machines: • card re-value machines; • currency dispensers; • luggage lockers; • weighing machines; • shoe shining appliances. NOTE 102 If part of the appliance is within the scope of IEC 60065 or IEC 60950, the part has to comply with the relevant standard. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by users and maintenance persons. NOTE 103 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national authorities responsible for health, for the protection of labour and similar authorities. NOTE 104 This standard does not apply to – appliances intended exclusively for household use; – appliances intended exclusively for industrial purposes; – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); – appliances for washing cars; – dispensing appliances and vending machines (IEC 60335-2-75); – appliances within the scope of IEC 60065, such as jukeboxes and household video games; – appliances within the scope of IEC 60950, such as copying machines, ticket machines and automatic teller machines; – appliances intended to be used when a trained attendant is present, such as virtual reality systems; – equipment intended exclusively for fairgrounds, such as carousels.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-83: Particular requirements for heated gullies for roof drainage

This clause of part 1 is replaced by: This international standard deals with the safety of electrically heated gullies for de-icing the inlet of the drainage system of flat roofs, balconies, and similar structures, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances which are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account – the use of appliances by young children or infirm persons without supervision; – playing with the appliance by young children. NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities. NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas).


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-85: Particular requirements for fabric steamers

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with the safety of electric fabric steamers intended for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V. Appliances not intended for normal household use, but that nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, are within the scope of this standard. NOTE 101 Examples of such appliances are those for use in laundries and dry cleaners. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account – the use of appliances by young children or infirm persons without supervision; – playing with the appliance by young children. NOTE 102 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities. NOTE 103 This standard does not apply to – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); – electric irons (IEC 60335-2-3); – ironers (IEC 60335-2-44); – appliances connected to the water mains.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-86: Particular requirements for electric fishing machines

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This standard deals with the safety of electric fishing machines by means of which water may be electrified for the purpose of catching fish or for providing barriers to all animals living in water. The rated voltage of electric fishing machines is not more than 250 V for single phase machines and 480 V for other machines, except that the rated voltage of electric fishing machines for permanent connection to fixed wiring is not more than 1 000 V. Additional requirements for boat mounted electric fishing machines are given in Annex AA. NOTE 101 Examples of electric fishing machines coming within the scope of this standard are: – mains-operated electric fishing machines which include those supplied from portable or stationary generator sets; – battery-operated electric fishing machines. NOTE 102 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used on board ships or boats, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries, additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities. – in some countries the use of portable electric fishing machines for catching fish is only allowed for research purposes.  NOTE 103 This standard does not apply to – electric fence energizers (IEC 60335-2-76); – electric animal stunning equipment (IEC 60335-2-87).


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-87: Particular requirements for electrical animal-stunning equipment

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This standard deals with the safety of electric animal-stunning equipment the rated voltage of which is not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances. This standard is applicable to electric animal-stunning equipment for industrial or commercial use, for use on farms or for use in areas where they may be a source of danger to the public. So far as is practical, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by these types of appliances. NOTE 101 Examples of electric animal-stunning equipment within the scope of this standard are those used to stun: – bovines such as cattle, calves, cows, heifers and bulls; – ovines such as sheep and lambs; – caprines such as goats; – cervids such as deer; – solipeds such as horses, donkeys and mules; – birds such as chickens, turkeys and guinea fowl; – porcines such as pigs; – fur animals such as foxes, chinchilla, rabbits and possums; – mustelids such as mink and polecats; – other ruminants such as camels. NOTE 102 The following types of electric animal-stunning equipment are covered by this standard: – manual, semi-automatic and automatic. NOTE 103 Attention is drawn to the fact that: – for electric animal-stunning equipment intended to be used on board ships, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries, additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities; – in many countries, additional requirements are specified concerning the humane slaughter of animals. NOTE 104 This standard does not apply to: – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); – electric fence energizers (see IEC 60335-2-76); – electric fishing machines (see IEC 60335-2-86); – meat tenderizers, carcass immobilizers, carcass stiffeners, spinal discharge equipment or similar equipment.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-88: Particular requirements for humidifiers intended for use with heating, ventilation, or air-conditioning systems

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with the safety of electric humidifiers intended for use with heating, ventilation, or air-conditioning systems in household, commercial, and light industrial applications (and may include large stand-alone commercial equipment) which operate according to the evaporative or atomization system, water-injection, steam and the like, their maximum rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 600 V for all other appliances. NOTE 101 Air-conditioning equipment to be used in conjunction with the humidifiers covered by this standard are covered in IEC 60335-2-40. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account – the use of appliances by young children or infirm persons without supervision; – playing with the appliance by young children. NOTE 102 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries, additional requirements are specified by national health authorities, national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities. NOTE 103 This standard does not apply to – humidifiers without room heating, ventilation or air-conditioning equipment intended exclusively for household use (IEC 60335-2-98); – appliances designed exclusively for industrial processing; – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); – humidifiers intended for medical purposes (see IEC 60601).


Binders, composite binders and factory made mixtures for floor screeds based on calcium sulfate - Part 1: Definitions and requirements

This document applies to calcium sulphate binders and composite binders made of calcium sulphate used for the manufacture of floor screeds for interior use in buildings. It also includes requirements for factory made mixtures made of calcium sulphate used for the manufacture of floor screeds which are given in EN 13813. This document does not cover the application of floor screeds. Floor screeds made with products covered by this document may contribute to thermal and sound insulation and fire protection of the floor.


Metal lath and beads - Definitions, requirements and test methods - Part 1: Internal plastering

This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods of metal lath and beads for internal plaster-ing. This European Standard covers metal lath intended to be used for fixing to structures or solid backgrounds to pro-vide a key to hold the plaster in position. Metal lath is used vertically to support linings for walls, partitions and col-umns and horizontally to support linings for ceilings and beams. Used in this way it enables fire protecting plaster-ing systems to be provided. This European Standard covers metal beads intended to be used to improve the protection of corners and also provide features to the internal finish of the construction as well as metal beads intended to be used as depth gauge beads and movement or expansion beads. They also contribute to fire protection.


Fibrous gypsum plaster casts - Definitions, requirements and test methods

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements for fibrous gypsum plaster cast-sections, rigid sheets, rigid tiles - made by various techniques in factories or workshops. This European Standard is applicable to: - conventional series produced products; - series produced products with varying properties ; - individual (and non-series) produced products, insofar required to be CE marked. See 4.1 and annex D concerning the classification of the fibrous gypsum plaster casts. This European Standard covers the following performance characteristics of the fibrous gypsum plaster casts : reaction to fire, thermal resistance, as well as resistance to impact by a hard steel ball and cohesion. The following performance characteristics are linked to systems assembled with fibrous gypsum plaster casts : fire resistance, impact resistance, direct airborne sound insulation, acoustic absorption to be measured according to the corresponding European test methods. If required, tests have to be done on assembled systems simulating the end use conditions. This European Standard defines the reference test methods for the technical specifications. This European Standard also covers additional technical characteristics of fibrous gypsum plaster casts that are of importance for use and acceptance of the products by the building industry and the reference tests for these characteristics. It provides for assessment of conformity of the products to this standard. This standard does not apply to: i) fibre reinforced gypsum sheet products (see pr EN 15283); ii) gypsum elements for suspended (see EN 14246); iii) solid casts; iv) run fibre reinforced products; v) plaster based stucco casts, carton pierre decors, resin decors; vi) moulds, models and mock-ups made of fibrous gypsum plaster; vii) fibrous gypsum plaster casts that, by nature, are not intended to be fastened in position


Preformed plasterboard cornices - Definitions, requirements and test methods

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance of preformed plasterboard cornices intended to be used in building construction works either as part of the original specification or subsequently for improved decorative enrichment of the wall/ceiling angle in rooms. This standard covers the performance characteristics: reaction to fire and flexural strength. This standard covers also additional technical characteristics that are of importance for the use and acceptance of the product by the Construction Industry and the reference tests for these characteristics. It provides the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the products. This standard does not cover plain plaster and gypsum fibrous plasterwork cornices.


Gypsum based adhesives for gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methods

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance of gypsum based adhesives used for assembling gypsum blocks or other gypsum units. It covers the following performance characteristics related to the essential requirements : reaction to fire ; release of dangerous substances ; measured according to the corresponding European test methods. It defines the reference tests for technical specifications. It provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European Standard. This European Standard covers also additional technical characteristics that are of importance for the use and acceptance of the product by the Building Industry : direct airborne sound insulation ; bond strength ; thermal resistance calculated with thermal conductivity values from the Table 1 (see 5.3.2).


Gypsum binders and gypsum plasters - Part 1: Definitions and requirements

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance of powder products based on gypsum binder for building purposes. This includes premixed gypsum building plasters for plastering of walls and ceilings inside buildings where they are applied as a finishing material which can be decorated. These products are specially formulated to meet their application requirements by the use of additives/admixtures, aggregates and other binders. Gypsum and gypsum based building plasters for manual and mechanical applications are included. This European Standard also applies to gypsum binders both for direct use on site and for further processing into gypsum blocks, gypsum plasterboards, gypsum boards with fibrous reinforcement, gypsum fibrous plasterwork and gypsum ceiling elements. Gypsum mortar for internal not load bearing partitions not exposed to water is also included. Calcium sulfate used as binder for floor screeds is not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard defines the reference tests for technical characteristics and provides for the evaluation of conformity of the products covered by this European Standard. Building lime, as calcium hydroxide, can be used as an additional binder together with gypsum binder. If gypsum binder is the principle active binding component in a plaster then this plaster is covered by this European Standard. If building lime is the principle active binding component in a plaster then the plaster is covered by EN 998-1.


Audio, Video And Similar Electronic Apparatus: Safety Requirements

This International Safety Standard applies to electronic apparatus designed to be fed from the MAINS, from a SUPPLY APPARATUS, from batteries or from REMOTE POWER FEEDING and intended for reception, generation, recording or reproduction respectively of audio, video and associated signals. It also applies to apparatus designed to be used exclusively in combination with the above-mentioned apparatus. This standard primarily concerns apparatus intended for household and similar general use but which may also be used in places of public assembly such as schools, theatres, places of worship and the workplace. PROFESSIONAL APPARATUS intended for use as described above is also covered unless falling specifically within the scope of other standards. This standard concerns only safety aspects of the above apparatus; it does not concern other matters, such as style or performance. This standard applies to the above-mentioned apparatus, if designed to be connected to the TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK or similar network, for example by means of an integrated modem. Some examples of apparatus within the scope of this standard are: – receiving apparatus and amplifiers for sound and/or vision; – independent LOAD TRANSDUCERS and SOURCE TRANSDUCERS; – SUPPLY APPARATUS intended to supply other apparatus covered by the scope of this standard; – ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, and electronic accessories such as rhythm generators, tone generators, music tuners and the like for use with electronic or non-electronic musical instruments; – audio and/or video educational apparatus; – video projectors; NOTE 1 Film projectors, slide projectors, overhead projectors are covered by IEC 60335-2-56 [5]1) – video cameras and video monitors; – video games and flipper games; NOTE 2 Video and flipper games for commercial use are covered by IEC 60335-2-82 [6] – juke boxes; – electronic gaming and scoring machines; NOTE 3 Electronic gaming and scoring machines for commercial use are covered by IEC 60335-2-82 [6] ( 1) Figures in square brackets refer to the bibliography.teletext equipment; – record and optical disc players; – tape and optical disc recorders; – antenna signal converters and amplifiers; – antenna positioners; – Citizen's Band apparatus; – apparatus for IMAGERY; – electronic light effect apparatus; – apparatus for use in alarm systems; – intercommunication apparatus, using low voltage MAINS as the transmission medium; – cable head-end receivers; – multimedia apparatus; NOTE 4 The requirements of IEC 60950 may also be used to meet the requirements for safety of multi media apparatus (see also IEC Guide 112 [16]) – professional general use amplifiers, record or disc players, tape players, recorders, and public address systems; – professional sound/video systems. 1.1.2 This standard applies to apparatus with a RATED SUPPLY VOLTAGE not exceeding – 250 V a.c. single phase or d.c. supply ; – 433 V a.c. in the case of apparatus for connection to a supply other than single-phase. 1.1.3 This standard applies to apparatus for use at altitudes not exceeding 2 000 m above sea level, primarily in dry locations and in regions with moderate or tropical climates. For apparatus with protection against splashing water, additional requirements are given in annex A. For apparatus to be connected to TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS, additional requirements are given in annex B. For apparatus intended to be used in vehicles, ships or aircraft, or at altitudes exceeding 2 000 m above sea level, additional requirements may be necessary. NOTE See table A.2 of IEC 60664-1. Requirements, additional to those specified in this standard, may be necessary for apparatus intended for special conditions of use. 1.1.4 For apparatus designed to be fed from the MAINS, this standard applies to apparatus intended to be connected to a MAINS supply with transient overvoltages not exceeding overvoltage category II according to IEC 60664-1. For apparatus subject to transient overvoltages exceeding those for overvoltage category II, additional protection may be necessary in the MAINS supply of the apparatus


Water quality -- Guide to analytical quality control for water analysis

This Technical Report (type 2) is a guide with the objective of providing detailed and comprehensive guidance on a coordinated programme of within-laboratory and between-laboratory quality control for ensuring the achievement of results of adequate and specified accuracy in the analysis of waters and associated materials. This Technical Report and its annexes are applicable to the chemical and physicochemical analysis of natural waters (including sea water), waste water, raw water intended for the production of potable water, and potable water. It is not intended for application to the analysis of sludges and sediments (although many of its general principles are applicable to such analysis) and it does not address the biological or microbiological examination of water. Whilst sampling is an important aspect, this is only briefly considered. I Analytical quality control as described in this Technical Report is intended for application to water analysis carried out within a quality assurance programme. This Technical Report does not address the detailed requirements of quality assurance for water analysis. The recommendations of this Technical Report are in agreement with the recommendations of established quality assurance documentation (for example IS0 Guide 25 and EN 45001). A discussion of quality systems in water analysis is provided in clause 4 to set in context the recommendations on quality control. This Technical Report is applicable to the use of all analytical methods within its field of application, although its detailed recommendations may require interpretation and adaptation to deal with certain types of determinand (for example non-specific determinands such as suspended solids or biochemical oxygen demand). In the event of any disparity between the recommendations of this Technical Report and the requirements of a standard method of analysis, the requirements of the method should prevail.


Water quality -- Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water -- Part 1: Aqua regia digestion

This part of ISO 15587 specifies a method for extracting trace elements from a water sample using aqua regia as a digestion agent. The method is applicable to all types of waters with a suspended solids mass concentration of less than 20 g/l and a mass concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) expressed as carbon of less than 5 g/l. The aqua regia digestion method is empirical and it might not release elements completely. However, for most environmental applications, the result is fit for purpose. Aqua regia digestion is suitable for the release of: Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Tl, V, Zn. It is not suitable for the digestion of refractory compounds such as SiO 2, TiO2 and Al2O3. The presence of chloride in the digestion solution may limit the application of analytical techniques. The method is generic and may be implemented using a wide variety of equipment provided the digestion composition is unchanged, the digestion temperature is known, and the digestion duration is in accordance with this temperature.


Water quality -- Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water -- Part 2: Nitric acid digestion

This part of ISO 15587 specifies a method for extracting trace elements from a water sample using nitric acid as a digestion agent. The method is applicable to all types of waters with a suspended solids concentration of less than 20 g/l and a total organic carbon (TOC) concentration expressed as carbon of less than 5 g/l. The nitric acid digestion method is empirical and it might not necessarily release elements completely. However, for most environmental applications the result is fit for purpose. Nitric acid digestion is suitable for the release of: Al*, As, B, Ba*, Be*, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr*, Cu, Fe*, Hg, K, Mg*, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, V*, Zn (asterisk indicates a possible lower recovery compared to the aqua regia digestion method specified in ISO 15587-1). It is suitable for the release of Ag only if the sample is stabilized immediately after digestion. Nitric acid digestion is not suitable for Sb, Sn and for the digestion of refractory compounds such as SiO 2, TiO2 and Al2O3. The method is generic and may be implemented using a wide variety of equipment provided the digestion composition is unchanged, the digestion temperature is known, and the digestion duration is in accordance with this temperature.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-68: Particular requirements for spray extraction appliances, for industrial and commercial use

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This European Standard deals with the safety of electrical portable, non self-propelled motor-operated spray extraction machines with or without attachments and with or without electrical heating elements, intended for commercial indoor use. NOTE Z101 Commercial use of spray extraction machines is for example their use in hotels, schools, hospitals, factories, shops and offices for other than normal housekeeping purposes and rental services for those machines. The following power systems are covered: – mains powered motors up to a rated voltage of 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances, – battery powered motors. This standard applies to machines in which the pressure of the employed cleaning agent does not exceed 2,5 MPa, and in which the product of the pressure (in MPa) and the flow of cleaning agent (in litres per minute) does not exceed 100, and in which the temperature of the cleaning agent at the spray nozzle outlet does not exceed 85 ºC. NOTE Z102 Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries additional requirements on the safe use of the equipment covered may be specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities. This standard does not apply to – machines designed to be part of a production process; – wet and dry vacuum cleaners as covered by IEC 60335-2-69; – machines designed for picking up hazardous dusts, inflammable substances, or aflame particles; – floor treatment machines for commercial use; NOTE Z103 IEC 60335-2-67 covers floor cleaning and floor treatment machines for industrial and commercial use. IEC 60335-2-72 covers automatic floor treatment machines for industrial and commercial use. – machines designed for use in corrosive or explosive environments (dust, vapour or gas); – hand-held appliances; – hand-held and transportable motor-operated electric tools. NOTE Z104 The IEC 60745 series covers hand-held motor-operated electric tools; the IEC 61029 series covers transportable motor-operated electric tools.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-69: Particular requirements for wet and dry vacuum cleaners, including power brush, for industrial and commercial use

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This European Standard deals with the safety of electrical motor-operated vacuum cleaners, including back-pack vacuum cleaners, for wet suction, dry suction, or wet and dry suction, intended for commercial indoor or outdoor use with or without attachments. NOTE Z101 Commercial use of these vacuum cleaners is for example their use in hotels, schools, hospitals, factories, shops and offices for other than normal housekeeping purposes. The following power systems are covered: – mains powered motors up to a rated voltage of 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances, – battery powered motors. This standard also applies to machines handling hazardous dust, such as asbestos. NOTE Z102 Additional requirements for machines handling hazardous dust are given in Annex AA. Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries additional requirements on hazardous substances might apply. NOTE Z103 Radioactive substances are not covered by definition of hazardous dust for the purpose of this standard. NOTE Z104 Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries additional requirements on the safe use of the equipment covered may be specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities. This standard does not apply to – machines designed to be part of a production process; – machines designed for use in corrosive environments; – machines designed for picking up liquids with a flash point below 55 °C; – machines designed for use in explosive environments (dust, vapour or gas), except those designed for use in zone 22; NOTE Z105 Additional requirements for vacuum cleaners designed for collecting combustible dust in zone 22 are given in Annex CC. – vacuum cleaners and water-suction cleaning appliances for household use as covered by IEC 60335-2-2 ; – spray extraction machines as covered by IEC 60335-2-68; – floor treatment machines for commercial use; NOTE Z106 IEC 60335-2-67 covers floor cleaning and floor treatment machines for industrial and commercial use. IEC 60335-2-72 covers automatic floor treatment machines for industrial and commercial use. – hand-held mains-operated electrical garden blowers, vacuums and blower vacuums as covered by IEC 60335-2-100; – centrally sited stationary vacuum cleaning systems; – hand-held appliances; NL EN 60335-2-69:2010 &<6 EN 60335-2-69:2009 – 8 – – hand-held and transportable motor-operated electric tools. NOTE Z107 The IEC 60745 series covers hand-held motor-operated electric tools; the IEC 61029 series covers transportable motor-operated electric tools.


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-89: Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This part of IEC 60335 specifies safety requirements for electrically operated commercial refrigerating appliances that have an incorporated compressor or that are supplied in two units for assembly as a single appliance in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions (split system). NOTE 101 Examples of appliances that are within the scope of this standard are – refrigerated display and storage cabinets; –refrigerated trolley cabinets; –s ervice counters and self-service counters; –b last chillers and blast freezers. As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by these types of appliances. It does not cover those features of construction and operation of refrigerating appliances which are dealt with in ISO standards. NOTE 102 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; NOTE 103 This standard does not apply to – domestic refrigerating appliances (IEC 60335-2-24) – industrial refrigerating systems ; – motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34); – commercial dispensing appliances and vending machines (IEC 60335-2-75); – commercial ice-cream appliances; –c ommercial ice makers; –c old temperature rooms; –m ultiple refrigerated chambers with a remote compressor. NOTE 104 Appliances with a charge of more than 150 g of flammable refrigerant in each separate refrigerant circuit are not covered by this standard. For appliances with a charge greater than 150 g of flammable refrigerant in each refrigerant circuit and for the installation, ISO 5149 may be applied. Consequently, such appliancescannot be assessed for safety using this part 2. - in many countries, additional requirements are specified by national authorities. 2010 English 35000.00 1 1662 1777 C NL EN 60335 2 90 : 2010 NL TC 3009 97.040.20 60.60 Electrical Engineering Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-90: Particular requirements for commercial microwave ovens This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with: • the safety of microwave ovens with a cavity door intended for commercial use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances connected between one phase and neutral and 480 V for other appliances. • the safety of combination microwave ovens with a cavity door, the requirements for which are contained in Annex AA. • the safety of microwave ovens without a cavity door and with transportation means that are intended for commercial use only, for the heating of food and beverages, the requirements for which are contained in Annex BB.. Microwave ovens, covered by annex BB, have transportation means for moving the microwave load through the microwave oven. Requirements for tunnel microwave ovens and several types of microwave vending machines are covered. NOTE 101 In annex BB a microwave oven without a cavity door and with transportation means is described as a microwave oven. All clauses of this standard apply to these appliances unless otherwise specified in Annex BB. This international standard also takes into account ordinary persons having access to the removing area of the vending machine. NOTE 102 The appliance may be built into a vending machine, in which case IEC 60335-2-75 may also be applicable. NOTE 103 Appliances that use non-electrical energy are within the scope of this standard. In general, this standard does not take into account – the use of appliances by young children or infirm persons without supervision; – playing with the appliance by young children. This international standard does not take into account the use of a microwave oven without a cavity door and with transportation means by ordinary persons except in the vicinity of entrance and exit ports. NOTE 104 The rationales for particular microwave exposure conditions and measures related to microwave energy being confined by an open structure are in Annex BB. NOTE 105 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – for appliances intended to be used in tropical countries, special requirements may be necessary; NL EN 60335-2-90:2010 (1 60335-2-90:2006 – 17 – – in many countries, the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities specify additional requirements; – in many countries, national authorities specify additional requirements to BB 22.119.1; – responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities NOTE 106 This standard does not apply to, – household microwave ovens including combination microwave ovens (IEC 60335-2-25) – industrial microwave heating equipment (IEC 60519-6) – appliances for medical purposes (IEC 60601) – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas). "


Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-96: Particular requirements for flexible sheet heating elements for room heating

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following. This International Standard deals with the safety of flexible sheet heating elements intended to be incorporated into the building to heat the room in which they are located, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase installations and 480 V for other installations. Flexible sheet heating elements are converted into heating units that are incorporated in the building in accordance with the instructions after which the required level of protection against hazards is achieved. NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that – in many countries different wiring rules apply; – for heating units intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national authorities for fire protection, the national authorities for building regulations, the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities. NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to – heating units intended exclusively for industrial purposes; – heating units intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); – blankets, pads and similar flexible heating appliances (IEC 60335-2-17); – heated mats and foot warmers (IEC 60335-2-81); – heating appliances intended to be used under a carpet; – flexible heating elements incorporated in other appliances.


Water quality -- Gas-chromatographic determination of a number of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalene and several chlorinated compounds using purge-and-trap and thermal desorption

ISO 15680:2003 specifies a general method for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water by purge-and-trap isolation and gas chromatography (GC). Annexes A, B and C provide examples of analytes that can be determined using ISO 15680:2003. They range from difluorodichloromethane (R-12) up to trichlorobenzene, including all non-polar organic compounds of intermediate volatility. Detection is preferably carried out by mass spectrometry in the electron impact mode (EI), but other detectors may be applied as well. The limit of detection largely depends on the detector in use and the operational parameters. Typically detection limits as low as 10 ng/l can be achieved. The working range typically is up to 100 micrograms per litre. ISO 15680:2003 is applicable to drinking water, ground water, surface water, seawater and to (diluted) waste water.


Water quality -- Determination of orthophosphate and total phosphorus contents by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) -- Part 1: Method by flow injection analysis (FIA)

ISO 15681-1:2003 specifies flow injection analysis (FIA) methods for the determination of orthophosphate in the mass concentration range from 0,01 mg/l to 1,0 mg/l (P), and total phosphorus by manual digestion in accordance with ISO 6878 for the mass concentration range from 0,1 mg/l to 10 mg/l (P). The range of application can be changed by varying the operating conditions. ISO 15681-1:2003 is applicable to various types of water (such as ground, drinking, surface, leachate and waste waters). This method is also applicable to the analysis of seawater, but with changes in sensitivity, by adaptation of the carrier and calibration solutions to the salinity of the samples.


Water quality -- Determination of trace elements using atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace

ISO 15586:2003 includes principles and procedures for the determination of trace levels of: Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Tl, V, and Zn in surface water, ground water, drinking water, wastewater and sediments, using atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization in a graphite furnace. The method is applicable to the determination of low concentrations of elements. The detection limit of the method for each element depends on the sample matrix as well as of the instrument, the type of atomizer and the use of chemical modifiers. For water samples with a simple matrix (i.e. low concentration of dissolved solids and particles), the method detection limits will be close to instrument detection limits. The minimum acceptable detection limit values for a 20-microlitre sample volume are specified.


Water quality -- Determination of orthophosphate and total phosphorus contents by flow analysis (FIA and CFA) -- Part 2: Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)

This document specifies continuous flow analysis (CFA) methods for the determination of orthophosphate in the mass concentration range from 0,01 mg/l to 1,00 mg/l P, and total phosphorus in the mass concentration range from 0,10 mg/l to 10,0 mg/l P. The method includes the digestion of organic phosphorus compounds and the hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate compounds, performed either manually, as described in ISO 6878 and in References [4], [5] and [7], or with an integrated ultraviolet (UV) digestion and hydrolysis unit. This document is applicable to various types of water, such as ground, drinking, surface, leachate and waste water. The range of application can be changed by varying the operating conditions. This method is also applicable to the analysis of seawater, but with changes in sensitivity by adapting the carrier and calibration solutions to the salinity of the samples. It is also applicable to analysis using 10 mm to 50 mm cuvettes depending on the desired range. For extreme sensitivity, 250 mm and 500 mm long way capillary flow cells (LCFCs) can be used. However, the method is not validated for these two uses. Changes in sensitivity and calibration solutions could be required. Annex A provides examples of a CFA system. Annex B gives performance data from interlaboratory trials. Annex C gives information of determining orthophosphate-P and total-P by CFA and tin(II) chloride reduction.


Water quality -- Determination of chloride by flow analysis (CFA and FIA) and photometric or potentiometric detection

The procedure is outlined for the analysis of chloride, in the range of 1 to 1000 mg/l, in various water samples (e.g. ground-, drinking-, surface- and waste water, and leachates). On an individual basis the range of the analysis can be changed.


Water quality -- Determination of the chemical oxygen demand index (ST-COD) -- Small-scale sealed-tube method

Fertilizers containing the condensates of urea and specified aldehydes (with crotonaldehyde called crotonyliden diurea or CDU, with isobutyraldehyde called isobutylidene diurea or IBDU, with formaldehyde called urea formaldehyde or methylene urea or MU) are covered by Annex I of the Regulation (EC) 2003/2003 [1] as nitrogenous fertilizers. The methods described in this European Standard enable the quantitative determination of these condensates and the determination of the solubility of the MU-oligomers according to the Regulation.


Water quality -- Determination of selected phenoxyalkanoic herbicides, including bentazones and hydroxybenzonitriles by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and derivatization

This standard specifies a method for the determination of phenoxyalkanoic acids in ground and drinking water in mass concentrations > 0,05 µg/l. The single substances are listed in the above mentioned standard. The method includes a solid-liquid extraction, derivatization and gas chromatography with MS detection.


Water quality -- Determination of suspended solids by filtration through glass-fibre filters

This International Standard describes a method for the determination of suspended solids in raw waters, waste waters and effluents by filtration through glass-fibre filters. The lower limit of the determination is approximately 2 mg/l. No upper limit has been established. NOTE 1 Water samples are not always stable, which means that the content of suspended solids depends on storage time, means of transportation, pH value and other factors. Results obtained with unstable samples need to be interpreted with caution. Floating oil and other immiscible organic liquids will interfere (see annex B). Samples containing more than approximately 1 000 mg/l of dissolved solids can require special treatment (see 8.6). NOTE 2 The result of the determination depends to some extent on the type of filter used, see 5.2. It is therefore necessary that the type of filter be specified. NOTE 3 The size distribution of particles in different water samples can vary widely. Therefore there is no correlation between results obtained with filters of different pore diameter, and no conversion factor can be given for the conversion of results obtained with one type of filter to another.


Water quality -- Determination of arsenic -- Atomic absorption spectrometric method (hydride technique)

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of arsenic including organically bound arsenic in drinking waters, ground waters and surface waters, in a concentration range from 1 pg/l to 10 l-m Higher concentrations can be determined by using a suitable dilution of the water sample.


Water quality -- Determination of total cyanide and free cyanide by continuous flow analysis

This International Standard specifies methods for the determination of cyanide in various types of water (such as ground, drinking, surface, leachate and waste water) with cyanide concentrations usually above3 μg/l expressed as cyanide ions. The CFA method is applicable to a mass concentration range from 10 μg/l to 100 μg/l . The range of application may be changed by varying the operation conditions. NOTE Seawater may be analyzed with changes in sensitivity and adaptation of the reagent and calibration solutions to the salinity of the samples.


Water quality -- Determination of dissolved Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ using ion chromatography -- Method for water and waste water

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved cations Li+, Na+, NH4 +, K+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ in water (e.g. drinking water, surface water, waste water). An appropriate pretreatment of the sample (e.g. dilution) and the application of a conductivity detector (CD) make the working ranges given in table 1 feasible. The applicability of the method for waste water samples should be proved in each case.


Water quality -- Determination of dissolved bromate -- Method by liquid chromatography of ions

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of dissolved bromate in water (e.g. drinking water, raw water, surface water, partially treated water or swimming pool water). Appropriate pretreatment of the sample, for example by elimination of chloride, sulfate, metals, preconcentration or dilution, gives a range of applicability of 0,5 μg/l to 1 000 μg/l dissolved bromate. The working range is restricted by the ion-exchange capacity of any preconcentration columns used and that of the separator column. Dilution of the sample to the working range may be necessary.


Water quality -- Guidelines for selective immunoassays for the determination of plant treatment and pesticide agents

This European Standard describes the general requirements for explosion isolation systems. An explosion isolation system is a protective system, which prevents an explosion pressure wave and a flame or only a flame from propagating via connecting pipes or ducts into other parts of apparatus or plant areas. This European Standard specifies methods for evaluating the efficacy of the various explosion isolation systems, and methods for evaluating design tools for such explosion isolation systems when applying these in practice. This European Standard also sets out the criteria for alternative test methods and interpretation means to validate the efficacy of explosion isolations. It covers e.g.: a) general requirements for the explosion isolation components; b) evaluating the effectiveness of an explosion isolation system; c) evaluating design tools for explosion isolation systems. This European Standard is applicable only to the use of explosion isolation systems that are intended for avoiding explosion propagation between interconnected enclosures, in which an explosion may result as a consequence of ignition of an explosive mixtures e.g., dust-air mixtures, gas-(vapour-)air mixtures, dust-, gas-(vapour-)air mixtures and mists. In general explosion isolation systems are not designed to prevent the transmission of fire or burning powder either of which can initiate an explosion in downstream plant items. It is necessary to take this situation into account in risk assessments. This European Standard is only applicable for gas and dust explosions of chemically stable substances and mixtures of these (flame propagating at subsonic velocity). This European Standard is not applicable for explosions of materials listed below, or for mixtures containing some of those materials: i) chemically unstable substances that are liable to decompose; ii) explosive substances; iii) pyrotechnic substances.


Fixed firefighting systems — Components for gas extinguishing systems — Part 8: Requirements and test methods for connectors

This European Standard specifies requirements and describes test methods for flexible and rigid connectors used in CO2 - Inert Gas - or Halocarbon gas fire extinguishing systems. This European Standard is applicable to connectors used: - between container valves and the manifold (type 1 and type 5 connector); - in pneumatic pilot lines (type 3 connector); - in distribution pipework of fire extinguishing installations downstream of the manifold/selector valve (type 2 or type 4 connector).


Smoke and heat control systems. Part 1: Specification

This part of EN 12101 specifies the product performance requirements, classifications and test methods for smoke barriers, which comprise the barrier itself, with or without associated activation and drive devices, designed for use in smoke and heat control systems. It covers only barriers installed in buildings, i.e. it does not cover barriers made of part of the building's structure. This standard provides the test methods for, and evaluation of conformity of, the smoke barrier systems.


Smoke and heat control systems. Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators

This European Standard applies to natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (NSHEV) operating as part of smoke and heat exhaust systems (NSHEVS), placed on the market. This standard specifies requirements and gives test methods for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators which are intended to be installed in smoke and heat control systems in buildings.


Smoke and heat control systems

This European Standard specifies the products characteristics of powered smoke and heat control ventilators (fans) intended to be used as part of a powered smoke and heat control ventilation system in construction works. It provides test and assessment methods of the characteristics and the compliance criteria of the test assessment results. This European Standard applies to the following: a) fans for smoke and heat control ventilation; b) impulse/jet fans for smoke and heat control ventilation;


Smoke and heat control systems — Part 6: Specification for pressure differential systems — Kits

This document specifies pressure differential systems designed to hold back smoke at a leaky physical barrier in a building, such as a door (either open or closed) or other similarly restricted openings. It covers methods for calculating the parameters of pressure differential smoke control systems as part of the design procedure. It gives test procedures for the systems used, as well as describing relevant, and critical, features of the installation and commissioning procedures needed to implement the calculated design in a building. It covers systems intended to protect means of escape such as stairwells, corridors and lobbies, as well as systems intended to provide a protected firefighting bridgehead for the Fire Services. The systems incorporate smoke control components in accordance with the relevant Parts of EN 12101 and kits comprising these and possibly other components (see 3.1.18). This document gives requirements and methods for the evaluation of conformity for such kits.


Smoke and heat control systems — Part 10: Power supplies

This European Standard specifies requirements and gives test methods for primary and secondary electrical and pneumatic power supply equipment, designed for use in smoke and heat control systems in buildings. It also provides for the evaluation of conformity of such equipment to the requirements of this European Standard. NOTE A summary of functions is given in Annex A.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 3: Fire alarm devices — Sounders

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type multi-sensor fire detectors for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in and around buildings (see EN 54 1:2011), incorporating in one mechanical enclosure at least one optical or ionization smoke sensor and at least one carbon monoxide (CO) sensor and optionally one or more heat sensors, utilizing the combination of the detected phenomena. This European Standard covers only modes of operation, where at least the signals of both smoke and carbon monoxide sensors are continuously evaluated. This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors to this EN. Point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors, which are having special characteristics suitable for the detection of specific fire risks are not covered by this European Standard. The performance requirements for any additional functions are beyond the scope of this standard (e.g. additional features or enhanced functionality for which this European Standard does not define a test or assessment method).


Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment

This standard specifies requirements, methods of test and performance criteria for power supply equipment (see component L of figure 1 of EN 54-1:1996) of fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in buildings. Note: Power supply equipment with special characteristics, developed for particular appli- cations, is not necessarily the subject of this standard and may require further tests.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 5: Heat detectors — Point detectors

This European Standard specifies the requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point heat detectors for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings (see EN 54-1:1996). For other types of heat detector, or for detectors intended for use in other environments, this standard should only be used for guidance. Heat detectors with special characteristics and developed for specific risks are not covered by this standard.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 7: Smoke detectors — Point detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point smoke detectors that operate using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization, for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings (see EN 54-1:1996). #This European Standard includes point smoke detectors that incorporate more than one smoke sensor operating on these principles, and additional requirements and test methods for such detectors are given in Annex N.$ For other types of smoke detector, or smoke detectors working on different principles, this standard should only be used for guidance. Smoke detectors with special characteristics and developed for specific risks are not covered by this standard. NOTE: Certain types of detector contain radioactive materials. The national requirements for radiation protection differ from country to country and they are not specified in this standard.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 10: Flame detectors - Point detectors

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type, resettable flame detectors that operate using radiation from a flame for use in fire detection systems installed in buildings. This standard does not cover flame detectors working on different principles from those described in this standard (although the standard may be used as guidance in assessing such products).


Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 11: Manual call points

This European Standard specifies the requirements and methods of test for manual call points in fire detection and fire alarm systems in and around buildings. It takes into account indoor and outdoor conditions, the appearance and operation of the manual call points for type A “direct operation” and type B “indirect operation” and covers those which are simple mechanical switches, those which are fitted with simple electronic components (e.g. resistors, diodes) and those which contain active electronic components and which work with the control panels for signalling and identifying, for example, an address or location. This European Standard does not cover manual call points for special applications, for example manual call points that are intrinsically safe or for use in hazardous conditions, if such applications require additional or other requirements or tests than those given in this standard.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 12: Smoke detectors - Line detectors using an optical light beam

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for line smoke detectors utilising the attenuation and/or changes in attenuation of an optical beam, for use in fire detection systems installed in buildings. This European Standard does not cover: * Line smoke detectors designed to operate with separations between opposed components of less than 1 m; * Line smoke detectors whose optical path length is defined or adjusted by an integral mechanical connection; Line smoke detectors with special characteristics, which cannot be assessed by the test methods in this European Standard. NOTE The term "optical" is used to describe that part of the electromagnetic spectrum produced by the transmitter to which the receiver is responsive; this is not restricted to visible wavelengths.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 17: Short-circuit isolators

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for shortcircuit isolators, for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings (see EN 54-1). Means of isolation or protection incorporated within control and indicating equipment (item B in Figure 1 of EN 54-1:1996) are not covered by this European Standard.


Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 18: Input/output devices

This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for input/output devices connected to a transmission path of a fire detection and fire alarm system, used to receive and/or transmit electrical signals to or from the transmission path, necessary for the operation of the fire detection and fire alarm system and/or fire protection system. An input/output device may be a physically separate device or its function may be integrated into another device in which case this European Standard may be used to assess this function. Control and indicating equipment, and ancillary control and indicating equipment (e.g. repeater panels and fire brigade panels) are not covered by this European Standard.